A public limited company, that wishes to offer newly issued shares to the public, must have the qualifications in accordance with the rules prescribed by the Notification of the Capital Market Supervisory Board. In this regard, one of the important criteria is the managing conflicts of interest which occurs when directors, executives, major shareholders, or related persons of such persons have been involved in obtaining any other benefits which tend to conflict with the best interests of the company, therefore putting the company at risk that directors or executives may make decisions based on their own or othersû interests in the foremost priority and over the best interests of the company and its shareholders as a whole. In addition, for the purpose of protecting all shareholders of the companies after being authorized to offer their newly issued shares to the public which include listed companies, the Securities and Exchange Act B.E. 2535 and its amendments thereafter have included the provisions imposes a standard of duties on directors and executives to perform their duties with responsibly, due care and loyalty, and comply with all laws, the objectives, the articles of association of the company, the resolutions of the board of directors, as well as the resolutions of the shareholdersû meeting. Such provisions are based on the same principle as the duties of directors as stipulated in Section 85 of the Public Limited Companies Act B.E. 2535. These aforesaid duties include providing adequate measures to enable shareholders to monitor, acknowledge and make decisions about significant matters of the companyûs operations, such as related transactions between the company or its subsidiaries and directors, executives, major shareholders, or related persons. In the case of directors or executives breaching their duties as prescribed by law, they shall be subject to civil liabilities to remedy any damages or return all the benefit received by them or others to the company, and criminal liabilities. Such liabilities are tools for shareholders and regulators to bring an action against directors and executives of the company who fail to perform their duties as required by law and cause the shareholders to lose their deserved benefits. Or cause damage to the company and shareholders as a whole or causing unfair treatment to the shareholders.